diff --git a/apps/frontend/package.json b/apps/frontend/package.json
index 4119c24..ebb9b13 100644
--- a/apps/frontend/package.json
+++ b/apps/frontend/package.json
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
     "dev": "vite",
     "build": "vue-tsc -b && vite build",
     "preview": "vite preview",
-    "test": "node --test --experimental-strip-types src/app/theme.test.ts src/components/templates/template-config.test.ts",
+    "test": "node --test --experimental-strip-types src/app/theme.test.ts src/components/templates/template-config.test.ts src/views/dashboard-license.test.ts",
     "typecheck": "vue-tsc -b",
     "lint": "eslint . --fix",
     "lint:check": "eslint .",
diff --git a/apps/frontend/src/views/DashboardView.vue b/apps/frontend/src/views/DashboardView.vue
index 13c85b0..e6fa339 100644
--- a/apps/frontend/src/views/DashboardView.vue
+++ b/apps/frontend/src/views/DashboardView.vue
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ import { useRouter } from '@/app/router'
 import StateBlock from '@/components/StateBlock.vue'
 import { alertClass, cardClass, inputClass, sectionHeaderClass, toneClass } from '@/components/ui'
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button'
+import { Tooltip, TooltipContent, TooltipProvider, TooltipTrigger } from '@/components/ui/tooltip'
 import {
   cronLabel,
   extractErrorMessage,
@@ -31,6 +32,11 @@ import {
   statusLabel,
   statusTone,
 } from '@/utils/format'
+import {
+  canRefreshAuthorization,
+  formatAuthorizationExpiryTooltip,
+  formatRemainingDays,
+} from './dashboard-license'
 
 const router = useRouter()
 const auth = useAuth()
@@ -71,6 +77,9 @@ const tokenDetail = computed(() => {
   if (tokenStatus.value.expiring_soon) return 'Token 即将过期，建议准备刷新授权。'
   return `业务 Token 正常，${tokenStatus.value.days_until_expiry ?? '未知'} 天后过期。`
 })
+const remainingDaysLabel = computed(() => formatRemainingDays(tokenStatus.value?.days_until_expiry))
+const expiryTooltip = computed(() => formatAuthorizationExpiryTooltip(tokenStatus.value))
+const canRefreshToken = computed(() => canRefreshAuthorization(tokenStatus.value))
 const needsEmail = computed(() => !auth.state.user?.email)
 const needsPassword = computed(() => auth.state.user?.has_password === false)
 
@@ -295,12 +304,23 @@ onMounted(load)
         <div class="grid gap-3 p-4 text-sm">
           <div class="flex items-center justify-between">
             <span class="text-muted-foreground">剩余</span>
-            <span class="font-medium">
-              {{
-                tokenStatus?.days_until_expiry == null
-                  ? '未知'
-                  : `${tokenStatus.days_until_expiry} 天`
-              }}
+            <TooltipProvider v-if="expiryTooltip">
+              <Tooltip>
+                <TooltipTrigger as-child>
+                  <span
+                    class="cursor-help font-medium underline decoration-muted-foreground/40 underline-offset-4"
+                    :title="expiryTooltip"
+                  >
+                    {{ remainingDaysLabel }}
+                  </span>
+                </TooltipTrigger>
+                <TooltipContent>
+                  {{ expiryTooltip }}
+                </TooltipContent>
+              </Tooltip>
+            </TooltipProvider>
+            <span v-else class="font-medium">
+              {{ remainingDaysLabel }}
             </span>
           </div>
           <div class="flex items-center justify-between">
@@ -309,7 +329,8 @@ onMounted(load)
           </div>
           <div class="text-sm text-muted-foreground">{{ tokenDetail }}</div>
           <Button
-            :variant="tokenStatus?.is_valid ? 'outline' : 'default'"
+            :variant="canRefreshToken ? 'default' : 'outline'"
+            :disabled="!canRefreshToken"
             type="button"
             @click="router.navigate('/login')"
           >
diff --git a/apps/frontend/src/views/dashboard-license.test.ts b/apps/frontend/src/views/dashboard-license.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d5ea8a4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apps/frontend/src/views/dashboard-license.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict'
+import test from 'node:test'
+import type { TokenStatus } from '@/api'
+import {
+  canRefreshAuthorization,
+  formatAuthorizationExpiryTooltip,
+  formatRemainingDays,
+} from './dashboard-license.ts'
+
+test('formats authorization expiry tooltip with concrete expiration time', () => {
+  const token: TokenStatus = {
+    is_valid: true,
+    jwt_exp: '',
+    expires_at: Date.UTC(2026, 4, 6, 16, 30, 12) / 1000,
+    days_until_expiry: 0,
+    expiring_soon: true,
+  }
+
+  assert.equal(
+    formatAuthorizationExpiryTooltip(token, 'zh-CN', 'UTC'),
+    '过期时间：2026-05-06 16:30:12',
+  )
+})
+
+test('omits authorization expiry tooltip when expiration timestamp is missing', () => {
+  assert.equal(formatAuthorizationExpiryTooltip(null), null)
+  assert.equal(
+    formatAuthorizationExpiryTooltip({
+      is_valid: false,
+      jwt_exp: '',
+      expires_at: null,
+      days_until_expiry: null,
+      expiring_soon: false,
+    }),
+    null,
+  )
+})
+
+test('allows QR refresh only for expired or invalid authorization', () => {
+  assert.equal(canRefreshAuthorization(null), false)
+  assert.equal(
+    canRefreshAuthorization({
+      is_valid: true,
+      jwt_exp: '',
+      expires_at: 1_778_111_412,
+      days_until_expiry: 0,
+      expiring_soon: true,
+    }),
+    false,
+  )
+  assert.equal(
+    canRefreshAuthorization({
+      is_valid: false,
+      jwt_exp: '',
+      expires_at: null,
+      days_until_expiry: null,
+      expiring_soon: false,
+    }),
+    true,
+  )
+})
+
+test('formats remaining days label consistently', () => {
+  assert.equal(formatRemainingDays(null), '未知')
+  assert.equal(formatRemainingDays(0), '0 天')
+  assert.equal(formatRemainingDays(12), '12 天')
+})
diff --git a/apps/frontend/src/views/dashboard-license.ts b/apps/frontend/src/views/dashboard-license.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3e054f7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apps/frontend/src/views/dashboard-license.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+import type { TokenStatus } from '@/api'
+
+export function formatRemainingDays(days?: number | null) {
+  return days == null ? '未知' : `${days} 天`
+}
+
+export function canRefreshAuthorization(token?: TokenStatus | null) {
+  return token?.is_valid === false
+}
+
+export function formatAuthorizationExpiryTooltip(
+  token?: TokenStatus | null,
+  _locale?: string,
+  timeZone?: string,
+) {
+  if (!token?.expires_at) return null
+
+  const expiresAt = new Date(token.expires_at * 1000)
+  if (Number.isNaN(expiresAt.getTime())) return null
+
+  const parts = new Intl.DateTimeFormat('en-CA', {
+    year: 'numeric',
+    month: '2-digit',
+    day: '2-digit',
+    hour: '2-digit',
+    minute: '2-digit',
+    second: '2-digit',
+    hourCycle: 'h23',
+    timeZone,
+  })
+    .formatToParts(expiresAt)
+    .reduce<Record<string, string>>((values, part) => {
+      if (part.type !== 'literal') values[part.type] = part.value
+      return values
+    }, {})
+
+  return `过期时间：${parts.year}-${parts.month}-${parts.day} ${parts.hour}:${parts.minute}:${parts.second}`
+}